Arnica montana

A very painful and offensive remedy. Progressive weakness. Has absorbent action. Shock: mental or physical. VERY PAINFUL BRUISED, SORENESS; all over; after the pains; of the bleeding part (Fer.), etc. Crushing pain. BED FEELS HARD, or full of lumps. As of a lump back of stomach, etc. Suddenly shifting joint (Colch.) or paralytic pains. FOUL; breath, taste, flatus, stool, etc. Typhoid. Sepsis. HÆMORRHAGIC TENDENCY; epistaxis, etc. Involuntary evacuations. .................... Nervous, sanguine temperament. FEARS; being struck or approached; sickness; instant death; on awaking, etc. Morose, repellant mood. Physically restless, but mentally prostrate or apathetic; says nothing ails him (Op.); reverse (Ars.) answers slowly, with an effort. Feels well, in dangerous cases. Brain feels tired. Vertigo; of old age. Bloodshot eyes. Ruddy, congested face. Apoplexy. Fevers. Bright red, puffy fauces. Red stripe down center of tongue. Post-natal dropping. Catarrh of antrum. Eructations tasting of bad eggs. Anorexia by day, but canine hunger before midnight. Cramps from epigastrium down over bowels, then foul stools. Acrid, foamy, stools. Cutting in kidneys. Urine retained or dribbles; after labor. Must wait for urine to pass. After-pains; < suckling. Hoarseness; < exertion, colds, or getting wet. Coughs without waking, or cough causing cries. Heavy lower chest. Sore nipples. Arm pains, > hanging down. Heart-beat shakes whole body. Weakened heart muscle. Angina. Heart pains; left to right. Dusky, mottled skin. Every little hurt makes a black and blue spot. Petechiæ. Erysipelas. Symmetrical eruptions. Very sore acne or crops of small boils. Sopor; drops to sleep as he answers. Troublous or frightful dreams; awakes in terror. Coldness of part lain on. Thirst during chill. Hot head with cool body. Must uncover, but it chills him (reverse of Nux-v.).

INJURIES: BRUISES. Shocks. Jarring. Labor. Overexertion. Sprains. TOUCH. After sleep. Motion. Old age. Alcohol.

Lying: Head low (Ver-v.). Outstretched.

BLOOD. BLOOD-VESSELS. Nerves. Muscles. Digestive organs.

Complementary: Calc-c. Nat-s. Sul-ac. Related: Bells. Echi. Hyper. Rhus-t.

Arnica montana

Leopard’s Bane. Compositce.

Nervous women, sanguine plethoric persons, lively expression and very red face.

For the bad effects resulting from mechanical injuries; even if received years ago.

Especially adapted to those who remain long impressed by even slight mechanical injuries.

Sore, lame, bruised feeling all through the body, as if beaten ; traumatic affections of muscles.

Mechanical injuries, especially with stupor from concussion; involuntary faeces and urine.

After injuries with blunt instruments (Symph.).

Compound fractures and their profuse suppuration (Calend.).

Concussions and contusions, results of shock or injury; without laceration of soft parts; prevents suppuration and septic conditions and promotes absorption.

Nervous, cannot bear pain; whole body over-sensitive (Cham., Cof., Ign.).

Everything on which he lies seems too hard ; complains constantly of it and keeps moving from place to place in search of a soft spot (the parts rested upon feel sore and bruised, Bap., Pyr. ; must move continually to obtain relief from the pain, Rhus).

Heat of upper part of body; coldness of lower.

The face or head and face alone is hot, the body cool.

Unconsciousness ; when spoken to answers correctly, but unconsciousness and delirium at once return (falls asleep in the midst of a sentence. Bap.).

Says there is nothing the matter with him.

Meningitis after mechanical or traumatic injuries; from falls, concussions of brain, etc. When suspecting exudation of blood, to facilitate absorption.

Hydrocephalus; deathly coldness in forearm of children (in diarrhoea, Brom.).

Apoplexy; loss of consciousness, involuntary evacuation from bowels and bladder; in acute attack, controls 1 fieniorrhage and aids absorption ; should be repeated and allowed to act for days or weeks unless symptoms call for another remedy.

Conjunctival or retinal haemorrhage, with extravasation, from injures or cough (Led., Nux).

Gout and rheumatism, with great fear of being touched or struck by persons coming near hhn.

Cannot walk erect on account of a bruised sort of feeling in pelvic region.

Tendency to small, painful boils, one after another, extremely sore (small boils in crops, Sulph.).

Paralysis (left-sided) ; pulse full, strong; stertor, sighing, muttering.

Belching; eructations; foul, putrid, like rotten eggs.

Dysentery; with ischuria, fruitless urging; long interval between the stools.

Constipation: rectum loaded, f^Fces will not come away; ribbon-like stools from enlarged prostate or retroverted uterus.

Soreness of parts after labor; prevents post-partum hseniorrhage and puerperal cgmplications.

Retention or incontinence of urine after labor (Op.).

Rhus.

Similar: to, for soreness as if bruised. Bap., China, Phyt., Pyr., Rhus, Ruta, Staph.

Arnica follows well : after. Acon., Apis, Ham., Ipec., Ver. ; is followed by Sul. ac.

In ailments from spirituous liquors or from charcoal vapors, Arn. is often indicated (Am. c., Bov.).

In spinal concussion, compare. Hyper.

Aggravation — At rest; when lying down; from wine.

Amelioration. — From contact; motion (Rhus, Ruta).

Lecture XXII — Compositae — Arnica montana, Artemisia vulgaris, Absinthium, Millefolium, Taraxacum, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Artemisia abrotanum

The next order of plants to be considered is the Composites, a verylarge order, from which we obtain a number of drugs ; namely, Arnica, Chamomilla, Cina, Eupatorium perfoliatum and purpureum, Artemisia vulgaris, Artemisia abrotanum, Artemisia tridentata, Absi?itkium, Millefolium, Taraxacum, and Calendula.

Composite.

Arnica.

Chamomilla.

f Capillaries.

| Typhoid.

I Injuries.

[ Organs.

Abdomen.

Brain and spine, j Fever.

(^ Organs.

Brain and medulla.

Cina.

Artemisia vulgaris.

Absinthium.

Millefolium.

Eupatorium perf. ^ -,-a • [ Fever.

Eupatorium purp. J Taraxacum. Liver.

We shall now proceed to study the first one of these.

Arnica Montana.

Arnica montana is commonly called leopard's bane. The tincture of the drug should be prepared from the roots of the plant rather than from the flowers, because the latter are infested by little insects, the bodies of which, together with the eggs, considerably modify the action of the pure drug, and, of course, add symptoms which are foreign to the genuine effects of Arnica. We also find an essential oil in the flowers differing somewhat from that found in the roots. I do not know why the plant has been called the leopard's bane, for it is hardly poisonous. While there have been a few cases of death resulting from its extravagant use, most of them have been traced to preparations in which the flowers were used, so that it is not unlikely that the fatal result was due to the insects. The species which is officinal in our materia medica, the Arnica montana, does not grow in this country, but is indigenous to Europe. Its essential oil contains an imperfectly known alkaloid called Arnicin, and a starchy substance known as Inulin.

To understand Arnica properly as a whole you must know that it affects the blood-vessels. Bxactly how it does this, I can hardly tell you, for it is not clearly defined in my own mind ; but the results I can tell you. It so affects the walls of the blood-vessels, particularly of the capillaries, that dilatation of the small vessels and extravasation of blood becomes possible. This weakening of the capillary wall, which admits of extravasation of blood, explains the applicability of Arnica to trauma. It also explains the relation of the drug to typhoid conditions. Now if you will keep before your minds this fact, that Arnica so alters the capillaries that blood may ooze through their walls, you will understand its symptoms. There seems to be a venous stasis producing an extravasation of blood. This form of oozing cannot occur from a healthy vessel.

Arnica is applicable to both the acute and the chronic effects of injuries. The acute injuries for which it is useful are the following: simple bruises in which there are well-marked ecchymoses ; concussions of the brain or spine or of both. We have no remedy which equals Arnica in these last-named cases. Even compression of the brain comes within the range of Arnica, whether this compression be the result of a displaced fragment of bone in cranial fracture, or the result of effusion of blood within the cranial cavity. Arnica cannot, of course, cure in the former of these cases ; an operation is demanded in order to obtain permanent relief.

You may use Arnica in injuries of the muscles from a strain or from a sudden wrench, as in case of heavy lifting, and in haemorrhages of mechanical origin. Fractures of the bones may call for the use of Arnica, both externally and internally, to relieve the swelling and tumefaction of the limb, and also to relieve the twitching of muscles, a reflex symptom of the fracture.

In the chronic effects of injury we may use Arnica when diseases (which may even be entirely foreign in their appearance to the ordinary symptomatology of the drug) may be traced to a traumatic origin. No matter what that disease may be, whether of the brain, eyes, lungs or nerves, if the injury is the exciting cause, the administration of Arnica is proper.

Again, as Arnica undoubtedly acts on the muscular tissue itself, we may use it for the consequences of diseases in the muscle ; for instance, when one has been working very laboriously, and in consequence the whole body feels sore and bruised, as if pounded ; or again, when heavy work may have caused hypertrophy of the heart. This lastnamed is not strictly a disease, but it ends in disease. The heart is a muscle that grows under the stimulus of exercise as much as does the biceps of the arm. As a result of the cardiac hypertrophy, the patient complains of swelling of the hands on any exertion. They become redder than usual, and swell when the arm is permitted to hang down. The pulse you will find to be full and strong. When the heart has reached this stage of hypertrophy, there are local symptoms in addition to those mentioned. The heart feels as though tightly grasped by the hand. The whole chest feels sore and bruised, and he cannot bear his clothing to touch it.

This will at once suggest to you Cactus, which has that constriction about the heart. Cactus, however, does not have a traumatic origin for its symptoms.

The sensitiveness of the chest suggests Lachesis, but is a different symptom under Arnica, which lacks the sensitiveness of the peripheries of the nerves that Lachesis has ; but has a genuine soreness from fulness of the bloodvessels.

Other remedies to be compared with Arnica in this hypertrophy of the heart are :

Rhus tox., especially if there is rheumatic diathesis.

Arsenicum, if it has resulted from climbing high places. Bromine has also been successfully used in this condition. Now let me give you the typhoid symptoms of Arnica, which, although very different from those just mentioned, depend upon a similar condition of the bloodvessels.

The changes in the bloodvessels due to the typhoid poison favor the formation of ecchymoses here and there over the body. There is also a passive congestion of the brain. This is shown by drowsiness and indifference to those about him and to his condition. The patient falls asleep while answering questions, just as we find in Baptisia. With these symptoms you almost always find the head hot and the body not hot. The symptom in the materia medica reads, " the head is hot and the body cool, or at least not hot," implying that there is a difference in temperature between the head and the rest of the body, and this has been so often confirmed that it is well for you to remember it. The patient complains of a bruised feeling all over the body, so that the bed feels too hard to him. He is restless and tosses about the bed to find a soft spot on which to rest ; and yet the fault is not with the bed, but with himself. Sugillations from hypostasis appear on the back. The lungs become affected—and here, too, the same character of Arnica shows itself. There is a cough, with expectoration of mucus and blood. If the patient is still sufficiently conscious he will complain of sore bruised feeling in the walls of the chest. There is a brown streak down the centre of the tongue. As the case progresses still further, Arnica may yet be called for, when the pressure of the blood in the brain is sufficient to cause apoplectic symptoms. The breathing becomes heavy, and even stertorous. The lower jaw drops. Petechise appear on the skin, and both stool and urine are passed involuntarily, the patient, of course, being in a stupor. These are the

typhoid symptoms of Arnica.

Now for the muscular symptoms. Arnica develops a true myalgia. The pains occur in the muscles of any part of the body. They are of traumatic origin, or they come from over-exertion, and are accompanied by this sore, bruised feeling, which is so necessary to the choice of the drug.

In rheumatism, you may employ Arnica, not for true inflammatory rheumatism, but for the local rheumatism which occurs in winter weather, and which seems often to be the combined effect of exposure to dampness and of cold and strain on the muscles from over-exertion. The affected parts feel sore and bruised. Any motion, of course, aggravates this sensation. There are sharp, shooting pains, which run down from the elbow to the forearm, or which shoot through the legs and feet. The feet often swell and feel sore and bruised. In cases of injury, the drugs to be thought of in connection with Arnica are these : first, Rhus tox., which, as I have already told you more than once, is preferable to Arnica when the ligaments of a joint, rather than the soft parts, are involved in an injury. It acts on the fibrous structures. Arnica is suited more to tumefaction of the other tissues.

Calendula is to be thought of when the injury causes a torn or ragged wound, possibly with loss of substance. Calendula removes the inflammatory condition of the part, and so permits of healthy granulation.

Hypericum is to be substituted for Aynica when the nerves have been injured along with the other soft parts. Nothing equals Hypericum in cases of mashed finger. It relieves the pain and promotes healing. It often follows Arnica in concussion of the spine. Dr. Ludlam, of Chicago, was very partial to Hypericum in this trouble of the spinal cord, and with good reason, for not only has he relieved some severe cases with it, but the provings show a perfect picture of the results of spinal injury.

Another drug is Staphisagria. This is the remedy for smooth clean cuts, such as are made by the surgeon's knife, and hence it is called for in symptoms which are traceable to surgical operations. Even if the symptoms which follow are not apparently connected with the symptomatology of Staphisagria, you may expect, when they arise from this cause, to obtain relief by its administration. Ledum is useful after Arnica when the latter remedy fails to relieve the soreness. It is also suited to injuries inflicted by pointed instruments, therefore in punctured wounds.

Symphytum officinale is the proper remedy for bone injuries. For example, when a blow on the eyes injures the orbital plates of the frontal bone. It may also be administered in case of irritable stump after amputation ; and also for irritability of bone at the point of fracture.

If the latter condition is the result of impaired nutrition, Calcarea phos. should be prescribed.

For violent burning, stinging pains in a stump after operation, Allium cepa is the remedy.

Arnica may be used as a preventive of pyaemia. It is thought by some physicians that this remedy promotes the evacuation of pus, that it promotes the appearance of pus on the surface of a sore. With the object of preventing pyaemia, some surgeons use Arnica after operations, applying it locally and giving it internally at the same time. This property of Arnica, to prevent pyaemia, lies at the foundation of the routine practice among physicians of giving this drug to women after delivery. It tends to relieve the soreness following parturition and promotes proper contraction of the uterus and expulsion of coagula and of any portions of the membranes that may have been retained.

Arnica has an action on the skin, producing crops of boils all over the body. They begin with soreness and go on to suppuration, and are followed by another crop. It may also be used in boils and abscesses which have partially matured but which, instead of discharging, shrivel up by reason of absorption of the contained pus. Arnica given internally and applied externally redevelops the abscess. Further, in connection with the action of Arnica, I would call your attention to the effects of the drug on the gastro-intestinal tract. We find it indicated in dyspepsia, when, after a meal, there is impending apoplectic congestion of the brain with throbbing headache and drowsiness ; and also, when there is some difficulty in the digestion of food ; there are foul breath, slimy yellow coating of the tongue, eructation of gas tasting like rotten eggs, tympanitic distension of the abdomen and foul-smelling stools.

Arnica may be called for in cholera infantum, diarrhoea or dysentery ; the stools have a foul odor and are slimy, bloody, and even purulent, and are accompanied by great urging and straining to stool. The dyspeptic symptoms just mentioned will be present, and there are sharp, stitching pains through the abdominal walls. The patient is thirsty, and yet he does not know what he wants to drink. I should like, in closing my remarks on Arnica, to mention its use in whooping-cough. It is indicated in children who have a violent tickling cough, which seems to be excited whenever the child becomes angry. The child loses its breath when it cries. Before a paroxysm it begins to cry. Why ? The lungs and trachea are sore. The little sufferer knows what is coming and dreads it ; that is the interpretation of the symptom. The expectoration is frothy, slimy and always mixed with blood.

In compression of the brain from apoplectic extravasation of blood, Arnica may be used when associated with the hemiplegia ; there is an aching soreness all over the body. Bed-sores form very readily.

Fears touch, or the approach of anyone. Unconscious; when spoken to answers correctly, but relapses. Indifference; inability to perform continuous active work; morose, delirious. Nervous; cannot bear pain; whole body oversensitive. Says there is nothing the matter with him. Wants to be let alone. Agoraphobia (fear of space). After mental strain or shock.

Leopard's Bane Produces conditions upon the system quite similar to those resulting from injuries, falls, blows, contusions. Tinnitus aurium. Putrid phenomena. Septic conditions; prophylactic of pus infection. Apoplexy, red, full face. It is especially suited to cases when any injury, however remote, seems to have caused the present trouble. After traumatic injuries, overuse of any organ, strains. Arnica is disposed to cerebral congestion. Acts best in plethoric, feebly in debilitated with impoverished blood, cardiac dropsy with dyspnœa. A muscular tonic. Traumatism of grief, remorse or sudden realization of financial loss. Limbs and body ache as if beaten; joints as if sprained. Bed feels too hard. Marked effect on the blood. Affects the venous system inducing stasis. Echymosis and hæmorrhages. Relaxed blood vessels, black and blue spots. Tendency to hæmorrhage and low-fever states. Tendency to tissue degeneration, septic conditions, abscesses that do not mature. Sore, lame, bruised feeling. Neuralgias originating in disturbances of pneumo-gastric. Rheumatism of muscular and tendinous tissue, especially of back and shoulders. Aversion to tobacco. Influenza. Thrombosis. Hematocele.

Worse, least touch; motion; rest; wine; damp cold. Better, lying down, or with head low.

Hot, with cold body; confused; sensitiveness of brain, with sharp, pinching pains. Scalp feels contracted. Cold spot on forehead. Chronic vertigo; objects whirl about especially when walking.

Sunken; very red. Heat in lips. Herpes in face.

Diplopia from traumatism, muscular paralysis, retinal hæmorrhage. Bruised, sore feeling in eyes after close work. Must keep eyes open. Dizzy on closing them. Feel tired and weary after sight-seeing, moving pictures, etc.

Noises in ear caused by rush of blood to the head. Shooting in and around

ears. Blood from ears. Dullness of hearing after concussion. Pain in cartilages of ears as if bruised.

Bleeding after every fit of coughing, dark fluid blood. Nose feels sore; cold.

Fetid breath. Dry and thirsty. Bitter taste (Colocy). Taste as from bad eggs. Soreness of gums after teeth extraction (Sepia). Empyæma of maxillary sinus.

Longing for vinegar. Distaste for milk and meat. Canine hunger. Vomiting of blood. Pain in stomach during eating. Repletion with loathing. Oppressive gases pass upward and downward. Pressure as from a stone. Feeling as if stomach were passing against spine. Fetid vomiting.

Stitches under false ribs. Distended; offensive flatus. Sharp thrusts through abdomen.

Straining of tenesmus in diarrhœa. Offensive, brown, bloody, putrid, involuntary. Looks like brown yeast. Must lie down after every stool. Diarrhœa of consumption; worse lying on left side. Dysenteric stools with muscular pains.

Retained from over-exertion. Dark brick-red sediment. Vesical tenesmus with very painful micturition.

Bruised parts after labor. Violent after-pains. Uterine hæmorrhage from mechanical injury after coition. Sore nipples. Mastitis from injury. Feeling as if fœtus were lying crosswise.

Coughs depending on cardiac lesion, paroxysmal, at night, during sleep, worse exercise. Acute tonsillitis, swelling of soft palate and uvula. Pneumonia; approaching paralysis. Hoarseness from overuse of voice. Raw, sore feeling in morning. Cough produced by weeping and lamenting. Dry, from tickling low down in trachea. Bloody expectoration. Dyspnœa with hæmoptysis. All bones and cartilages of chest painful. Violent spasmodic cough, with facial herpes. Whooping cough, child cries before coughing. Pleurodynia (Ranunc; Cimicif).

Angina pectoris; pain especially severe in elbow of left arm. Stitches in heart. Pulse feeble and irregular. Cardiac dropsy with distressing dyspnœa. Extremities distended, feel bruised and sore. Fatty heart and hypertrophy.

Gout. Great fear of being touched or approached. Pain in back and limbs, as if bruised or beaten. Sprained and dislocated feeling. Soreness after overexertion. Everything on which he lies seems too hard. Deathly coldness of forearm. Cannot walk erect, on account of bruised pain in pelvic region. Rheumatism begins low down and works up (Ledum).

Black and blue. Itching, burning, eruption of small pimples. Crops of small boils (Ichthyol; Silica). Ecchymosis. Bed sores (Bovinine locally). Acne

indurata, characterized by symmetry in distribution.

Sleepless and restless when over tired. Comatose drowsiness; awakens with hot head; dreams of death, mutilated bodies, anxious and terrible. Horrors in the night. Involuntary stools during sleep.

Febrile symptoms closely related to typhoid. Shivering over whole body. Heat and redness of head, with coolness of rest of body. Internal heat; feet and hands cold. Nightly sour sweats.

Antidotes: Camph. Vitex trifolia.––Indian Arnica (Sprains and pains, headache in temples, pain in joints; pain in abdomen; pain in testicles). Complementary: Acon; Ipec. Compare: Acon; Bapt; Bellis; Hamam; Rhus; Hyperic.

Third to thirtieth potency. Locally, the tincture, but should never be applied hot or at all when abrasions or cuts are present.

Arnica Montana

Mind: The Arnica patient is morose, wants to be let alone, does not want to be talked to, does not want to be approached. He does not want to be approached, both because he does not wish to enter into conversation, a mental state, and also because he does not wish to be touched on account of the great bodily soreness.

These are the two most striking things in this medicine. Irritable, morose, sad, fearful, easily frightened, imagines all sorts of things, especially that he has heart disease, or that he will mortify, or that some deep-seated trouble is upon him. Full of nightmare, dreadful dreams, dreams of muddy water, robbers, etc.

Horrors in the night. He frequently rouses up in the night, grasps at the heart, has the appearance of great horror, fears some dreadful thing will happen. A sudden fear of death comes on at this time, rousing him up in the night; he grasps at the heart, and thinks he is going to die suddenly. He is full of dreadful anguish, but finally he comes to himself, lies down and goes off into a sleep of terror, jumps up again with the fear of sudden death and says:

"Send for a doctor at once."

This is repeated night after night in persons Who are fairly well in the daytime, who have no sympathy because there seems to be no reality in their sickness, only a mental state. It is also seen in persons who have gone through a railroad accident, or through some shock, who are sore and bruised from injury.

They rouse up in the night with a fear of sudden death, with an expression of terror; the horrors they really went through are repeated. This is similar to Opium, only the Opium fear remains, even in the day time. Arnica dreams of it. When sick in bed afflicted with a zymotic disease, with violent fever, or with fever after an accident or injury, he becomes greatly prostrated, stupid and unconscious. He can be aroused and will answer a question correctly, but goes into a stupor, or be hesitates about a word and is unable to find correct words when trying to answer and goes back into the coma.

When roused up, he looks at the doctor and says:

"I do not want you; I did not send for you; I am not sick; I don't need a doctor."

He will say this even when he is seriously ill. I have seen an Arnica patient lie back upon his pillow after emptying the stomach of a black fluid like blood, seriously ill, with the face mottled, in zymotic sickness or such as threaten malignant chill, that one would think he was almost going to die, look up and say:

"I am not sick; I did not send for you; go home." Yet when in a state of health he was friendly, kind-hearted, knew me well, glad to shake hands with me; but now he is irritated at seeing me there and insists there is nothing the matter with him. Such is the "shock" state, almost a delirium. After finishing such a sentence he will lie down in a stupor, will lie in bed drawn up in a heap and merely groan when spoken to.

He wants to be left alone, does not want to be bothered, does not want to be talked to. That state ushers in complaints after a shock that has shaken the whole system, that has disturbed the circulation.

When a symptomatic typhoid is coming on, i.e., when an intermittent or remittent is taking on symptoms that are typhoid in character, when the tongue becomes shiny, and sordes appear about the teeth and lips, when there is sinking, and soreness all over the body, there are times when this mental state that I am describing will appear and the patient must have Arnica. Arnica will interrupt the progress and prevent a typhoid state. Arnica is sometimes suitable to the scarlet fever, when the eruption does not come out, in those severe forms when the body is dusky, mottled and covered with red spots; the patient is constantly turning and that mental state is coming on with moroseness, and stupidity. It is a wonderful remedy, a misunderstood remedy, a misused remedy, because it is almost limited to bruises. It is one, of sheet anchors in certain seasons, in the malarial valleys of the West, for intermittent fever In congestive chills, in those dreadful attacks with prostration, stupor, mottled skin, with congestion that comes on suddenly, with anxiety.

The doctors know these fevers, they dread them, and can only cope with them by using such remedies as Arnica and Lachesis and other deepacting medicines. It is not true that these patients must have Quinine.

For many years I practiced among these cases, and I have seen numerous congestive chills and had no need for Quinine. I would rather have my repertory and a few potencies than all the Quinine in the drug -stores.

The sugar pills cure safely, permanently and gently, while the Quinine never cures, but suppresses, and there is nothing in the after history of that patient drugged with Quinine and Arsenic but congestion and violence so long as he lives.

"Horror of instant death, with cardiac distress in night."

From that it spreads on throughout the system, but hat horror of instant death is a striking feature and it comes on regardless of heart disease.

A horror in the night when there is nothing to come upon the patient; a horrible congestion, which affects especially the cerebellum and upper part of the spinal cord.

"Stupor with involuntary discharges."

"Coma, insensibility."

"Lies as if dead."

There symptoms come in the low forms of disease, in the typhoid type of disease. Many of the remittent fevers, if badly treated, or permitted to run their course under bad nursing, will turn into a continued fever.

While the true idiopathic typhoid comes on after many weeks of gradual decline, a symptomatic typhoid may come on suddenly, and it has symptoms of graver form than ordinary typhoid. The idiopathic typhoid will seldom kill and will generally run to a favourable termination, if the doctor stays at home.

This remedy is full of delirium in these low types of fever, even delirium like delirium tremens. "Hopelessness; indifference."

"Hypochondriacal anxiety, peevishness." "Fears being struck by those coming towards him."

That is both bodily and mental.

Physical state: Now, with this mental state thoroughly in mind, we are prepared to take up the general physical state, which has in all complaints, all over the body a feeling as if bruised. It is not strange that Arnica is used for bruises, but it is very foolish to put it on the outside and to rub it on in the form of the tincture.

It produces in its pathogenesis mottled spots, like bruises. If you take Arnica internally, in large doses, you will have mottled spots, bluish spots, which become yellowish, due to ecchymoses, from extravasations of the smaller capillaries. This is, to a certain extent, what takes place in bruising. It is an extravasation of blood from the capillaries, and sometimes from the larger vessels.

But all over the body he is sore and bruised, as if he had been beaten. If you watch an Arnica patient in order to get the external manifestations of his state, you will see him turning and moving.

You will at once ask yourself, Why is he restless? and if you compare remedies in your mind, you will say, He is like Rhus tox.; he stays in a place a little while and then he moves.

No matter if he is only semi-conscious; you will see him make a little turn, part way over, and then a little further over, and so on until he is over on the other side.

Then he commences again, and he will shift a little and a little, and so he turns from side to side. The question is, why does he move so, why is he restless?

It is an important matter to solve. We notice the awful anxiety of the Arsenicum patient that keeps him moving all the time.

We notice the painful uneasiness felt all over the body with the Rhus patient so that he cannot keep still.

The Arnica patient is so sore that he can lie on one part only a little while, and then he must get off that part or to the other side. So if we ask him, "Why do you move so?"

he will tell us that the bed feels hard. That is one way of telling that the body is sore.

A more intelligent individual will say it is because he is so sore and feels as if bruised and beaten, and he wants to get into a new place.

Soreness: This state of soreness is present if it be a symptomatic typhoid, an intermittent fever, a remittent fever, or after an injury when he is really bruised all over. You get the same continual uneasiness and motion, moving every minute. He moves and thinks that now he will be comfortable, but he is comfortable only for a second.

The soreness increases the longer he lies, and becomes so great that he is forced to move. With Rhus tox. the longer he lies the more restless he grows and the more he aches, until he feels as if he will fly if he does not move.

With Rhus tox. the uneasiness passes off after moving, and with Arnica the soreness passes off if he gets into a new place. With Arsenicum you see him moving about and look wild, and he is anxious, and this anxiety forces him to move, and he gets no rest, for he keeps going. The Rhus tox. and Arnica patients get better from every little motion.

The Arnica patient bleeds easily; his blood vessels seem to be relaxed, and extravasation is easy. Blue spots come easily upon the skin, and internally the mucous membranes bleed easily. The parts that are inflamed bleed. He is subject to catarrhal conditions, and if he has a cough he bleeds easily. The mucus that is hawked out of the chest and throat is streaked with blood, or dotted with tiny pin-head blood clots. His urine contains blood and there is bleeding from the various orifices of the body. There is not sufficient tone in the fibres of the vessel to hold the blood within the vessel walls and they ooze. All over the body there is a lameness, and soreness, and a feeling as if bruised; a rheumatic lameness; the joints are swollen, sore and lame. If an acute disease becomes more severe, we shall find the mental symptoms as described, and there will be an increasing soreness in the muscles. Arnica is very suitable for that sore, bruised condition of the body, therefore Arnica is a very important remedy in injuries, bruises and shocks, injuries of joints, injury of the back with lameness and soreness.

In such conditions Arnica becomes one of the first remedies, and unless there are general decided symptoms calling for other remedies it should be the first remedy. Arnica will very often take all the soreness out of a sprained ankle and permit him in a few days to go walking about, to the surprise of everybody.

The black and blue appearance of sprained joints will go away in a surprisingly short time, the soreness will disappear, and he will be able to manipulate that joint with surprising ease. I have seen a sprained ankle when it was black and blue, so swollen that the shoe could not be put on, but after a dose of Arnica, the swelling disappeared in an astonishing way, the discoloration faded out and the patient was able to stand on the foot.

No such result can be obtained with the use of Arnica lotion externally. A high potency of Arnica is most satisfactory in bruises, and when no decided contra-indication is present Arnica is the first remedy; but for the weakness of tendons that follows such a condition Arnica is not always sufficient, and the Rhus tox. is its natural follower.

If the weakness and tenderness re in the joints, follow the Rhus with Calcarea. One will not, of course, give these remedies all on the same day, and not in the same glass, but will wait until all the good has been gotten out of the Arnica before following with Rhus.

It is quite a common thing for aching and restlessness and weakness to come into a part that has been injured, and Rhus is then a suitable remedy; and it is quite common for a joint that has been badly treated to re sore and weak, and then Calcarea comes in as a natural follower of the Rhus tox. and then we have to resort to Causticum, Staphysagria, and other remedies, because of some peculiar feature in the case, but these remedies are all related more or less to Arnica, Rhus and Calcarea. For another class of injuries compare Ledum and Hypericum.

Arnica is useful in some chronic cases; especially in old cases of gout. It is quite a common thing for old cases of gout to rouse up into a new soreness of joints, with great sensitiveness. You will see the old grandfather sit off in a corner of the room, and if he sees little Johnnie running towards him, he will say:

"Oh, do keep away, keep away."

Give him a dose of Arnica and he will let Johnnie run all over him. He does not want to be touched or approached; he feels that anything that is coming towards him is going to hurt him. He is extremely sensitive, his joints are sore and tender, and he is afraid they will be hurt. This medicine has erysipelatous inflammation. If you have an erysipelas of the face with the mental state described, with soreness, and sort bruised feeling all-over the body, you need not wait longer before prescribing Arnica. The sore, bruised feeling all over the body, and the mental state, would decide in favor of Arnica against any medicine.

In inflammation of the kidneys and bladder, of the liver, and even in pneumonia, the mental state and the sore, bruised feeling all over the body would enable you to do astonishing work in such cases, even though Arnica has never produced pneumonia.

It has all there is of the rusty expectoration, with all the soreness of the chest and catarrhal state, the coughing and gagging, and sore, bruised feeling all over the body, and then add to this the condition of stupor and the mental state that belongs to the inflammatory condition of any organ and is especially strong in this medicine. We do not have to worry about any particular fineness of diagnosis to settle upon Arnica. Arnica has aversion to meat, broth and milk. There is great thirst at particular times, for instance, during the chill of intermittent fever he has thirst, while at other times he is thirstless. "Vomiting of dark-red coagula, mouth bitter; general soreness." Vomiting of black, inky substances.

Arnica is a useful remedy in inflammatory conditions of the abdomen, liver, intestines, with tumefaction tympanites, prostration, tendency to uneasiness, and so sore that he cannot be touched. This state also comes with typhoid. Do not forget the symptoms of Arnica in appendicitis. You do not need to run for the surgeon for every case of appendicitis if you know Bryonia, Rhus tox., Belladonna, Arnica and similar remedies. The homoeopathic remedy will cure these cases, and, if you know it, you need never run after the surgeon in appendicitis except in recurrent attacks.

If you do not know your remedies, you will succumb to the prevailing notion that it is necessary to open the abdomen and remove the appendix. It is only deplorable ignorance that causes appendicitis to be surrendered to the knife.

Offensiveness is a feature of Arnica; there is offensiveness of the eructations, and the flatus. The stool is horribly offensive.

"Nightly diarrhea."

"Stool involuntary during sleep."

"Stools of undigested food, purulent; bloody slimy, mucus: Dark blood, very foetid stool. Here we see the tendency to oozing from the mucous membranes. Black watery stools with black vomit.

"Retention of urine from exertion,"

from overwork, from injury, from concussion of the brain, from some violent accident. The urine is brown, or inky, dark.

"Piercing pains as from knives plunged into the kidneys."

"Urine very acid, with increase of specific gravity."

Pregnancy: Another feature of Arnica occurs in pregnant women. The extreme sensitiveness, soreness or tenderness throughout the whole body is especially felt in the abdominal viscera, in the uterus and pelvic region.

Sensitiveness to the motion of the foetus sore and bruised; the motions of the foetus are very painful and keep her awake all night. Arnica will remove that soreness and she will not distinguish the motion of the foetus It is not an increased motion of the foetus, but that she is sensitive to it.

"Constant dribbling of urine after labor." A general feature also of the remedy is that the body is cold and the head hot; the whole body and the extremities are cold, but the head feels hot.

This is a marked condition in sudden congestive attacks, in congestive chill and congestive intermittent fevers. This, sometimes, is the very beginning of a severe attack when there has been almost no warning except a night or two of bad dreams and distress, fearfulness and stupefaction, with soreness in the body. If he comes out, of this, an increased soreness in the body comes on, which grows worse and worse until he is sore and bruised all over.

Children: Children going into severe attacks of infantile fever may threaten convulsions, the head is hot and the body cold. Most physicians will think of Belladonna, which has such cold extremities and such a hot head. Do not forget Arnica, especially in those children who seem to have an aversion to being touched, and scream out every time the mother takes bold of the leg or arm.

Look into the history a little and you will see that this is a soreness, and if you strip the child you may observe dusky spots, which give an added indication of Arnica.

This is a whooping-cough remedy; you can easily conjure up what the indications are for whooping-cough; aggravation from touch, sore, bruised condition, spasmodic cough with expectoration of blood, or dark blood-streaked mucus, or little tiny pin-head dots all through the mucus. Vomiting of food with black mucus. The mental state of the child can easily be imagined. The child is cross and fretful.

"Cough excited by cries in children when accompanied by anger and tossing about." "Paroxysms of cough at night."

"Whooping cough; child cries before paroxysms as though in fear of soreness."

You can easily apply that which we have seen in the remedy to the various diseases that come on. Stitching pains in whooping cough, pleuritic pains with catarrh of the chest, with pneumonia or pleurisy, inflammatory conditions.

It has also more lingering complaints, "fatty degeneration of the heart."

Stitches in the cardiac region, stitches from left to right.

"Weary, bruised, sore, great weakness, must lie down, yet bed feels too hard."

It will be well to read over all these symptoms; there are numerous particulars in the remedy, many little symptoms that are of great interest. It follows well after Aconite and is complementary to Aconite, Ipeca and Veratrum.